Environmental law is concerned with balancing environmental concerns of the public generally, with the rights of a property owners (individual, business and governmental) to develop and use their property. It is reflected both in explicit environmental laws and other statutes and regulations, such as local building codes, zoning ordinances, condemnation policies and land use restrictions. State and local environmental laws reflect local policy and priorities, which vary from place to place, resulting in conflicts between localities on environmental laws, enforcement and compliance
Several spectacular environmental disasters, like the 1989 grounding of the oil tanker Exxon Valdez and the resulting oil spill, the hazardous waste problem of the Love Canal in Niagara Falls, and nuclear reactor accidents (Three Mile Island in Pennsylvania and the Ukraine’s Chernobyl in 1986) have generated awareness.